Origin of the resistance loci
For the breeding of new resistant grape varieties, these are selected for the presence of different resistance loci.
The different resistance loci were crossed from very different Vitis species.
This overview is intended to provide an extract of the resistance loci currently known. It shows where these resistances come from, on which chromosomes they are located and how strong the effect or resistance is currently estimated to be.
What is a resistance locus?
A resistance locus (plural: resistance loci) is a specific section on a chromosome that contains genes responsible for the resistance of a plant or organism to certain diseases or pests. These genes can, for example, control the production of proteins that ward off pathogens or prevent them from spreading.
In plant breeding, the identification of such resistance loci is particularly important in order to develop more resistant varieties. One well-known example is the breeding of grape varieties that are resistant to powdery and downy mildew.
| Loki name | Disease | Origin of resistance | On Chromosom | Resistance strength | Reference |
| Rpv1 | Downy Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 12 | Hoch | Merdinoglu et al., 2003 |
| Rpv2 | Downy Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 18 | Vollständig | Wiedemann-Merdinoglu et al., 2006 |
| Rpv3 | Downy Mildew | V. rupestris | 18 | Teilweise | Bellin et al., 2009; Welter et al., 2007 |
| Rpv4 | Downy Mildew | American Vitis | 4 | Schwach | Welter et al., 2007 |
| Rpv5 | Downy Mildew | V. riparia | 9 | Schwach | Marguerit et al., 2009 |
| Rpv6 | Downy Mildew | V. riparia | 12 | Schwach | Marguerit et al., 2009 |
| Rpv7 | Downy Mildew | American Vitis | 7 | Schwach | Bellin et al., 2009 |
| Rpv8 | Downy Mildew | V. amurensis | 14 | Hoch | Blasi et al., 2011 |
| Rpv9 | Downy Mildew | V. riparia | 7 | Schwach | Moreira et al., 2011 |
| Rpv10 | Downy Mildew | V. amurensis | 9 | Hoch | Schwander et al., 2012 |
| Rpv11 | Downy Mildew | American Vitis | 5 | Schwach | Fischer et al., 2004 |
| Rpv12 | Downy Mildew | V. amurensis | 14 | Hoch | Venuti et al., 2013 |
| Rpv13 | Downy Mildew | V. riparia | 12 | Schwach | Moreira et al., 2011 |
| Rpv14 | Downy Mildew | V. cinerea | 5 | - | Ochssner et al., 2016 |
| Run1 | Powdery Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 12 | Vollständig | Pauquet et al., 2001 |
| Run 2.1 | Powdery Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 18 | Teilweise | Riaz et al., 2011 |
| Run 2.2 | Powdery Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 18 | Teilweise | Riaz et al., 2011 |
| Ren1 | Powdery Mildew | V. vinifera | 13 | Teilweise | Hoffmann et al., 2008 |
| Ren2 | Powdery Mildew | V. cinerea | 14 | Teilweise | Dalbó et al., 2000 |
| Ren3 | Powdery Mildew | American Vitis | 15 | Teilweise | Welter et al., 2007 |
| Ren4 | Powdery Mildew | V. romanetii | 18 | Teilweise | Riaz et al., 2011 |
| Ren5 | Powdery Mildew | V. rotundifolia | 14 | Vollständig | Blanc et al., 2012 |
| Ren6 | Powdery Mildew | V. piasezkii | 9 | Vollständig | Pap et al., 2016 |
| Ren7 | Powdery Mildew | V. piasezkii | 19 | Teilweise | Pap et al., 2016 |
| Ren8 | Powdery Mildew | American Vitis | 18 | Teilweise | Zyprian et al., 2016 |
reference: D. Merdinoglu , C. Schneider, E. Prado, S. Wiedemann-Merdinoglu and P. Mestre 2017: Breeding for durable resistance to downy and powdery mildew in grapevine
